Extraction of chitosan from Aristeus antennatus shells as a prior for biodegradable plastic production

Ismail, Mohamed; El-Feky, Ayaat R; Zaghloul, Eman; Madkour, Fedekar Fadel; Elnemr, Ahmed; Ibrahim, Hassan A.H.

doi:10.21608/ajbas.2022.141607.1106

Extraction of chitosan from Aristeus antennatus shells as a prior for biodegradable plastic production

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Portsaid Unv., Portsaid, Egypt.

² National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Egypt.

³ Marine Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University.

10.21608/ajbas.2022.141607.1106

Abstract

Crustacean shells can be used to extract chitin, which is the second most common biopolymer after cellulose (such as crabs, shrimps, prawns, and krills). Chitosan is a biopolymer that can be modified chemically and physically. Deproteinization, demineralization, and deacetylation were employed to extract chitosan from red shrimp shells Aristeus antennatus the average total catch per (five-hours-hauls) is about 62 kg. FTIR, SEM and biodegradation were used to characterise the final product; Chitosans deacetylation degree was determined to be around 86 %, which was compared to commercial chitosan's deacetylation degree of 95 percent in the rest of the study.The chitosan yield was 18% with 7.65% moisture content and 32.27% ash containing different minerals. The solubility of extracted chitosan was 98.15%. There are 10 formulations of bioplastic films synthesized based on chitosan extracted from chitin-wastes of locally collected Aristeus antennatus were set at a basis of 100% as well as chitosan film. Castor oil was added as a plasticizer. The recovered chitosan's Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) revealed the expected properties. The produced bioplastic films were characterized via several judging criteria. The biodegradability of the formed bioplastic films was assessed along two weeks of incubation in seawater and marine sediment. Observably, all bioplastic films were decreased in their weights compared to polypropylene (PP) as synthetic plastic, which was not changed.

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